Steam-generator.



No. 635,0l9. Patented Dot. l7, I899. 0. H. KENNEY.

STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed. Sept, 20, 1898.)

2 Sheets-Sheet (No Model.)

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No. 635,0I9. Patented Oct. 17, I899.- C. H. KENNEY.

STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed Sept. 20, 1898.) I (No Model.) 2-Sheeta-Sheet 2,

/f mmv'rom WITNESSES rrnn STATES PATENT r tion.

STEAM-G EN ERATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 635,019, dated October 17', 18919. Application filed September 20, 1893. Serial No. 691,463- (No model.)

1'!) alt whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. KENNEY, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New London, in the State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Genera tors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention is in steam-generators of the class in which combined pipes and drums are employed-,this class of generators being used to a considerable extent in vessels and the like places, .where space must be economized, but where a generator of great steaming ca pacity must be provided.

My particular object in producing this invention is to provide in this class of generators a novel and highly satisfactory arrangement of circulation-pipes, whereby the drip resulting from condensation may return unobstructed to the pipes that serve as the boiler-section also, to provide a novel form of separator within the steam-dome that aids in separating the live steam from the drip and tends to guide the latter toward the waterdrum.

In order to clearly explain my invention, I have provided the annexed drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of a steam-generator of my newly-improved form with its front removed to expose the interior parts. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same with the casing removed on line 1 '1. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the steam and water drums, together with the pipes forming one-half of the generator. Fig. 4is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the steam-drum and of the separator-plates located within said drum. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 illustrate details of a three-way connection used with my improved circulation-pipes, and Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a modification of said circulation-pipes.

The case or shell of my generator is of boiler-iron and is here shown as of rectangular form. Located in the upper central part of said case and extending nearly from front to rear of the same is a steam-drum that is indicated by the reference-figure 10-, and immediately below and parallel with said steamdrum is a water-drum 11, these two drums into the pipes 13 14, already described.

being connected near their front and rear ends by pipes 12, through which water in the upper drum, resulting from condensation or other causes, may drip into the water-drum 11.

Reference-figures'l3 14 denote pipes 1eading fronrthe front end of the water-drum in opposite directions to the sides of the genera tor, where they pass downward to a level sufficiently low to bring them within the combustion-chamber,where they are again deflected and extend along the sides, as at 13" 14, and finally along the rear, as at 13 14 where they meet at the center. At this central rear point they are connected with a similar pipe 15, that leads downward from the rear end of the water-drum 11. (See Fig. 1, also Fig. 3, which is a rear end View of the steam and water drums and of certain of'the pipes connected with said drums.) It will thus be seen that provision is made for. the free downflow of the Water from the drum 11 through pipes 13 and 14 into the pipes 13 14 13 14" and that these last-na1ned pipes are located within the fire-pot or combustion-chamber, where their contents may be best influenced by the intense heat of the fire.

The feed (water) pipe ofmyboiler is indicated by the figure 16 and is located in the upper part of the casing, preferably at or about the level of the top of the steam-drum. This pipe 16 branches to the right and left hand just inside the casing, as at 163E16 and thence passes in the form of three superimposed sets of coils 16 16 and 16% back and forth from front to rearof the generator at each side of the steam-drum 10, as is clearly shown in the drawings. The lower coil 16 terminates in a vertical pipe 16 that leads y means of this arrangement of feed-pipes the water is subjected for a considerable length of time to the hot air within the casing of the generator and becomes heated almost to the point of steaming before it passes into the pipes 13 14 and the drum 11.

The steam-drum 10 is connected on each side by means of a large number of my im proved cir'culatiompipes with the pipes 13 14, which I have already described as located at each side and within, the combustionchamber. These pipes 17 are tapped into said pipes 13 14: and extend upward to a f ioint somewhat above the fire-pot and thence ixtend inward to the center of the generator and hack again to the side in a series of suiperimposed vertical coils 17, the outer ends of the upper of said coils being carried upward and connected with pipes 17, that discharge into the steam-drum 10, as best seen in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The space between the pipes 17 (at opposite sides of the generator) and below. the lower coil-s 17" is utilized as the fire-pot, the grate (not shown) being located at or near the level of line 2 of Fig. 1. The ash-pit is indicated by reference-figure 18.

Referring now to Figs. 1, 2, and-3, it'will be seen that the pipes 13 and 14: at the lower rear part of the fire-pot have tapped into them a number of pipes 19, that extend upward toabout the level of the water-drum 11, and then extend forward in parallel series nearly to the front of the generator, as at 19, thence back again through a single pipe 19 intoasomewhat larger pipe 19, that extends upward nearly to a level with the center of the steam-drum, where theyente ra manifold pipe 19, which is connected with the steamdrum. at about the heightindicated in Fig. l-that is to say, at or near the level of the top of the water-drum 11.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 5, it will be seen that the indirect circulation-pipes 17 are arranged in parallel pairs throughout the entire series at each side of the generator and that a short cut or direct connection between the lower pipes 13 13 and the upper pipes 17 is provided with each pair of pipes 17 in the form of a vertical pipe 20. The pipes 17 and 20 are tapped into a three-way connection 20 at top and bottom, said connection being best understood by reference to Figs. 5, 6, and 7. This triple arrangement of pipes provides for the unobstructed upward flow of the waterin pipes 17 17, which, being located within the combustion-chamber, receive the direct influence of the caloric productsof combustion, and the Vertical pipes 20 provide for the return or downflow of the water as it becomes slightly reduced in temperature. The vertical pipes 20, whose upper ends are at about the water-level, also furnish direct conduits through which condensation from the steam-pipes 17 may pass downward to the pipes 13 14 without interfering with the upward flow of water in the pipes 17 17.

My description of pipes 17, 17*, and 20 is equally applicable to the circulation-pipes 19 19 19 and vertical return-pipes 2l,in which case the upper three-wayconnection is of the kind denoted by reference-number 20.

In Fig. 8 I have illustrated a variation in the arrangement of the circulation-pipes in which a multiple of short-cut pipes 17 are introduced into the line of pipe 17 thus bringing a larger body of water within the combustion-chamber than if a single pipe be used, as in Fig. 1.

The water-level should be maintained I In Fig. 4 I have shown a cross-sectional view of the steam-drum and of my improved arrangement of deflector-plates.

The pipes]? discharge steam into the drum 10,at about the horizontal center of the latter, and said steam when first forced into the drum impinges against curved plates'22,that cause said steam to first pass downward to a point considerably below the level of pipes 17 The lower portions of plates 22 are bent toward the vertical center of drum 10 and toward each other, as at 22, sufficient space being left between the confronting free edges of said plates to permit the dry steam to pass upward into the steam-dome proper as indicated by arrows in said Fig. 4. Immediately below the inturned portions 22 is another plate 23, located immediately below the inturned plates 22 and extending laterally a considerable distance beyond the openingbetween the said plates 22. The central portion of plate 23 is depressed, as at 23 forming a trough which is slightly lower at one end than at the other, so that any water held therein will be discharged by gravity into the bottom of the drum and will find its way downward through the Vertical pipes 12 into the water-drum 11. When steam rushes into drum 10 through pipes 17", it engages the plates 22 and is guided downward, as already explained, and then seeks to escape through the narrow openings between the plates 22 and 23, as indicated by the arrows. The downward impulse of the entering steam tends at first to carry it past the ends of plates 23, and in seeking to return and pass between plates 22 and 23 the dry steam only finds a ready exit,the Wet,and consequently heavier, portions being inclined to remain below'plate 23 and finally, becoming condensed, pass downward through pipes 12 to the water-drum 11. (dry) steam is separated from the partly-saturated steam, and the drip resulting from condensation is returned to the water-drum more readily than if a simply cylindricaldrum or steam-drum were provided.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. The combination with a case, of a steamdrum, an independent water-drum located below said steam -drum and communicating therewith, downfiow-pipes leading from the water-drum to and around the lowerside and rear edges of the generator, connections be- Thus it will be understood that the live tween said downfloW-pipes and the steamdrum consisting of the pipes 17 communicating with the steam-drum in the line of its horizontal diameter and extending horizontally to the side of the generator and thence downwardly, a direct circulation-pipe and a plurality of coiled indirect circulation-pipes 17 17 extending between each of the pipes 17 and the downflow-pipes at the bottom of the generator, substantially as specified.

2. The combination with a case and steam drum, of an independent water-drum below and communicating with the steam drum,

635,019 g Y s downflow-pipes leading from the water-drum to and around the lower sides and rear of the generator, connections between the side portions of said downfioW-pipes and the steamdrum consisting of horizontal pipes 17 extending diametrically from said drum, a direct circulating-pipe 20 and a plurality of indirect circulatingpipes 17 extending between each of the pipes 17 and the side portions of the downflow-pipes, a manifold pipe extending across the rear end of the steam drum and communicating therewith, a plurality of pipes 19 depending from the manifold pipe, a direct circulating-pipe 21 and a plurality of indirect circulating-pipes 19 com n1 unicating with each of the pipes 19 and the rear portion of the downtlow-pipes, said indirect circulating-pipes 19 being provided with multiple coils extending to the front of the generator above the coils of the pipes 17.

3. The combination with a casing, of a steam-drum, a water-drum communicating therewith, downflow-pipes,direct circulating pipes establishing communication between 1 other multiple, substantially as specified.

4. In a steam-generator of the character described the combination with a steam-drum and inlet-pipes discharging therein at or about its horizontal center, of curved plates extending downwardly and inwardly from the wall of the drum above the inlet-pipes to a point therebelow, said plates having their lower ends bent toward each other to define an intermediate opening through which the steam may pass to the upper portion of the drum and a longitudinally-inclined plate below the said opening and having its central portion depressed to form a trough, substantially as specified.

Signed atNorwich, Connecticut, this 8th day of September, 1898.

CHARLES H. KENNEY. Witnesses:

A. F. HonGnoN, G. L. PRESSEY. 

